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International Journal of Advanced Engineering Application

ISSN: 3048-6807

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Optimization of Drip Irrigation Systems for Water Conservation in Arid Regions

Author(s):Jatin Kohli¹, Pooja Solanki², Harish Patidar³, Simran Dogra⁴, Naveen Jakhar⁵

Affiliation: 1,2,3,4,5Department of Agricultural Engineering, Guru Kashi Institute of Technology, Talwandi Sabo, Punjab, India

Page No: 26-30

Volume issue & Publishing Year: Volume 2 Issue 10 , Oct-2025

Journal: International Journal of Advanced Engineering Application (IJAEA)

ISSN NO: 3048-6807

DOI: https://zenodo.org/records/17627838

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Abstract:
Drip irrigation has emerged as one of the most efficient water-saving technologies, particularly suited for arid and semi-arid regions where water scarcity and unpredictable rainfall patterns severely impact agricultural productivity. This study investigates the optimization of drip irrigation systems through emitter spacing, pressure regulation, lateral layout, and soil-moisture monitoring techniques to maximize water-use efficiency in arid climates. Experimental trials were conducted on sandy and loamy soils under controlled field conditions, and performance parameters such as distribution uniformity (DU), application efficiency (AE), wetting patterns, and crop yield response were evaluated. Results demonstrated that optimized emitter spacing combined with regulated low-pressure operation significantly improved water distribution uniformity and reduced percolation losses by up to 28%. Soil-moisture sensors further enhanced irrigation scheduling accuracy, leading to improved crop yield and reduced water requirement. The study concludes that systematic optimization of design and operational parameters in drip irrigation systems can result in substantial water savings and enhanced agricultural output in water-stressed regions.

Keywords: Drip Irrigation; Water Conservation; Arid Regions; Emitter Spacing; Distribution Uniformity; Soil-Moisture Monitoring

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